About

Who says piano keys have to be just black and white?

Maggie Malloy, Second Inversion

Like the prepared piano, bitKlavier—the prepared digital piano—feels just like a piano under the hands and often sounds like one, but it is full of surprises; instead of bolts and screws stuck between the piano strings, virtual machines of various sorts adorn the virtual strings of the digital piano, transforming it into an instrument that pushes back, sometimes like a metronome, other times like a recording played backwards. The virtual strings also tighten and loosen on the fly, dynamically tuning in response to what is played.

bitKlavier is a new kind of digital musical instrument, a novel assemblage of the familiar MIDI keyboard with bespoke interactive software. Inspired by John Cage’s prepared piano, bitKlavier both leverages and subverts the pianist’s hard-earned embodied training, while also inviting an extended configuration stage that “prepares” the instrument to behave in composition-specific, idiosyncratic ways. Through its flexible though constrained design, bitKlavier aims to inspire a playful approach to instrument building, composition, and performance.

An open-source project developed by Dan Trueman, Mike Mulshine, Davis Polito and Matt Wang at Princeton University, bitKlavier has been used by dozens of performers—from young students to renowned professionals—in a range of compositions by Trueman and others. Two articles about bitKlavier were published in the Computer Music Journal in 2019: “bitKlavier: A Prepared Digital Piano” (pdf) and Tuning Playfully: Composed and Adaptive Tunings in bitKlavier (pdf).

Read on below for more information!

fortune favors the prepared!

Louis Pasteur

Summary

bitKlavier is….
  • designed with musician <=> machine interactions as a focus…
  • an open-source standalone/AU/VST3 sample-based application/plugin/instrument that combines:
    • carefully designed, idiosyncratic objects (“preparations”) which process MIDI and audio in parametrized, composable ways…
    • with a straightforward configuration environment (the “construction site”) that facilitates various key assignments, combinations and signal flows (loosely akin to, say, Reaktor or TouchDesigner)…
  • intentionally limited (compared to, say, Max/MSP) to be more like a musical instrument than a programming language, but with features of both…
    • it’s more about preparation (a la Cage prepared piano) than programming…
    • and more about designed affordances than general problem-solving…
  • keyboard focused…
    • it is a keyboard-focused digital-musical-instrument design-environment…
      • the 88-key keyboard is its primary physical interface and software design constraint …
    • bitKlavier is designed to be used in real-time, as an instrument, with a keyboard interface…
      • Of course, that doesn’t mean it can’t be used in other ways!
  • able to change itself on the fly…
    • with instantaneous and continuous parameter changes performed via the keyboard, as prepared by the composer/performer/programmer…
  • particularly flexible and powerful for tuning…
    • unlike traditional keyboard instruments, bitKlavier’s tuning can change on the fly—even during sustain—in programmed, compositional ways…
  • setup to easily share pieces/settings with other performers/composers/producers via a simple text-based preset system…
    • has no external dependencies…
  • a music creation/performance/exploration tool that emerged over time, directly from a musician’s creative practice…
    • a product of a bottom-up creative process, rather than a task-driven design process…
  • dynamic, focused, idiosyncratic and—at its best—inspiring, relatively easy to use, and fun…

Films

The bitKlavier films are a series of 14 short films by director Mark DeChiazza and creativeX (check out the awesome projects at creativeX), that explore the bitKlavier through the music Dan Trueman and other composers and performing musicians are making with it. On the carousel below, the films are ordered as listed:

1. Inside Out
by Dan Trueman, performed by Cristina Altamura

2. About Inside Out
A look into bitKlavier’s role in the work’s composition and performance

3. Synchronic
by Pascal Le Boeuf, performed by Adam Sliwinski

4. About Synchronic
A look into bitKlavier’s role in the work’s composition and performance

5. Evidence Lost
by Dan Trueman, performed by Adam Sliwinski

6. About Evidence Lost
A look into bitKlavier’s role in the work’s composition and performance

7. El Niño
by Dan Trueman, performed by Cristina Altamura and Adam Sliwinski

8. About El Niño
A look into bitKlavier’s role in the work’s composition and performance

9. An Open Step Outward
by Molly Herron, performed by Cristina Altamura

10. About An Open Step Outward
A look into bitKlavier’s role in the work’s composition and performance

11. History and Development
The origin story of the bitKlavier, and an examination of the objectives that shaped it

12. Machines and Humans
How bitKlavier locates and explores a fundamental tension in this relationship

13. Pedagogy
bitKlavier as a multi-faceted tool for teachers and students of performance and composition

14. Introduction to the Interface
Dan Trueman introduces the essential machines that comprise the core of bitKlavier

Supported by…


Development of bitKlavier has been sponsored by the American Council of Learned Societies, the New Jersey State Council on the Arts, and Princeton University’s creativeX, Center for Digital Humanities, Council on Science and Technology, Council of the Humanities, and Department of Music.

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